Langerhans cells (LCs) are a subset of immature dendritic cells (DCs) that specifically localize in the epidermis and other mucosal epithelia. Epidermal LCs possess a strong immunostimulatory capacity and play a central role in initiating and regulating immune responses. Langerin (CD207) is a Ca2+- dependent, C-type lectin domain containing type II transmembrane protein that induces epidermal LCs to differentiate into Birbeck granules (BG).